01 - Preheat oven to 400°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, baking soda, salt, and black pepper until well blended.
03 - Stir in grated cheddar and chopped chives until evenly distributed throughout the flour mixture.
04 - Create a well in center of bowl. Pour in buttermilk and melted butter. Mix with wooden spoon or hands until shaggy dough forms. Add additional buttermilk by tablespoon if mixture is too dry.
05 - Turn dough onto lightly floured surface. Gently knead just until dough comes together—do not overwork. Shape into round loaf approximately 7 inches in diameter.
06 - Transfer loaf to prepared baking sheet. Using sharp knife, cut deep X across top of loaf.
07 - Bake 30–35 minutes until deeply golden and loaf sounds hollow when tapped on bottom.
08 - Cool on wire rack at least 15 minutes before slicing. Serve warm or at room temperature.